History of an agriculture

Agriculture is domestication of animals and crops, cultivation and crop preservation. It is possible to tell, that the agriculture has arisen absolutely casually. A little thousand years ago wandering tribes, passing from one place on another, after returning to an old place found out in these places the sprouted edible plants, which rests they threw out earlier. The agriculture also has begun that moment when people have purposely started to keep and put seeds of the favourite plants.

Plants which give a good harvest, have been changed by selectors as a result of genetic populations. For example, the corn grows out of intervention of the person, as well as other kinds of the plants used in agriculture. Some of early archeological excavations say that rural economy in China has started to develop about fifteen thousand years ago when people grew up rice and millet. Thirteen thousand years ago in territory of Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Israel and Lebanon grew up wild grasses which are ancestors of barley, wheat, and also lentils.

Grown up grasses have supported population of versions of animals which were grazed on these grasses. There are graphic evidences of that ten thousand years ago there was an early agriculture and agriculture in village Jericho in the Jordanian valley where barley was grown up. Barley cultivation prospered and in nearby areas. Eight thousand years ago the agriculture in settlements and villages has extended from the Near East to the Eastern Europe. People put wheat, barley, bean cultures, grew up goats, sheep, pigs, large horned livestock. The potato was a foodstuff in settlements, in mountains Andes, in the South America about four thousand years ago.

On the African continent yams, coffee, a clap, millet, sorghum were among the first agricultural crops which grew up about five thousand years ago. Use of hybrids has begun a new era in agriculture. But it is a way conducts to accident as the plants grown up in such a way become equally vulnerable every possible pathogenic microorganisms. In 21 century peasants deduce some grades of agricultural crops to avoid weakness of a monoculture.

Traditionally in agriculture choose valuable variants of plants and apply crossing of representatives same or closely connected kinds. The agricultural biotechnology has begun the development in 1970y. And already from the middle 1990 population of the United States has started to use genetically changed products in food. The purposes of agricultural biotechnologies, as well as traditional agriculture, are improvement of appearance, flavouring and nutritious quality of a foodstuff and ease of cultivation.