Development of an agriculture

Simultaneously with agriculture development continued to develop and farmer machines. The machine with the threshing mechanism has given way to a combine which combines functions of assemblage of grain and thresh machines. Grain cover has been replaced with technics which collects grain and puts it on the earth for the further drying before it will be collected by a combine. Ploughs now are not used so intensively as before, substantially thanks to popularity of the minimum arable land to reduce a soil erosion. The disk harrow is more often used today after harvesting to reduce the bristle of grain left in the field.

Today's farmer machines allow farmers to process much more acres of the earth, than the past machine. Cotton gin - the machine which separates seeds, a peel and other undesirable materials from a clap after harvesting. Ales Vitney were patented by cotton gin on March, 14th 1794. The first cotton combine has been patented in the USA in 1850, but widely to be used such machines became only in 1940.

Combines for the clap cleaning, often named combines shpindel type, delete a clap from open seed boxes and leave a prickle on a plant. This process is carried out by means of a spindle which rotates on high speeds and attached to a drum which also turns, forcing spindles to get in a plant. Cotton fibres turn around round the humidified spindles and then leave the special device named the tenant. 

At numerous annual use of the same soil under crops of plants of one kind the quantity of the nutrients containing in soil decreases. To prevent a full exhaustion of fields farmers practise a crop rotation. At such approach lixiviating soils a crop of one kind decreases crops of the grain crops, capable to return the lost nutrients in soil. It is reached by the thought over sequence of crops of grain crops.

In the Middle Ages in Europe farmers had been carried out a three-year crop rotation at which grew up a rye or a winter wheat once a year, accompanied a spring oats or barley next year, and rest of the earth from crops in the third year. In 18th century the British farmer Charles Tounshend promoted the European agricultural revolution, popularising a crop rotation with a four-year-old cycle: with cultivation of wheat, barley, turnip and a clover.

In 1842 Joseph Dart the first escalator of grain has been created. To the middle of 19th century hay gathered manually with sickles and plaits. In 1860 the device for mechanical cleaning has been created. As a result of development of this mechanism further there was a set modern completely mechanical mowers, crushers, field helicopters, packing ïðåññîâ and so on.